Blood Components & Clotting Crossword Puzzle

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QUESTIONS LIST:

  • plasma : this straw-coloured liquid accounts for 55% of blood volume.
  • formed elements : these blood cells account for 45% of blood volume.
  • water : plasma contains 90-92% of this.
  • plasma proteins : plasma contains 7-8% of these.
  • erythrocytes : normally, in whole blood, there are 4-6 million of these cells that are made in the red bone marrow.
  • hemoglobin : in every rbc, there are about 200 million of these quaternary proteins that contain 4 globular proteins + 4 heme molecules (with iron).
  • oxygen : one hemoglobin molecule carries four of these molecules.
  • reduced : this is what hemoglobin becomes when its globular portion binds to h+ions.
  • nucleus : rbcs lack this, and only have a 120-day life span.
  • leukocytes : these disease-fighting cells have irregularly-shaped nuclei & are fewer in number than rbcs, with 5000-10,000 cells per mm3.
  • granular : these leukocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils, which are involved in non-specifc defense.
  • agranular : these leukocytes include monocytes (non-secific defense) and lymphocytes (specific defense).
  • stem cells : all blood cells originate these “parent” cells in bone marrow.
  • hemostasis : this is the term for stopping bleeding.
  • vascular spasm : this 1st mechanism of hemostasis involves contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the damaged vessel.
  • blood coagulation : this 3rd mechanism of hemostasis involves a series of events that leads to blood clot formation.
  • hemophilia : this is an inherited clotting disorder due to a deficiency in a clotting factor.
  • prothrombin : this inactive enzyme is a blood protein (globulin) produced by the liver and is activated by thromboplastin.
  • thrombin : prothrombin is converted to this active enzyme by the enzyme thromboplastin and ca2+.
  • fibrinogen : this inactive enzyme is a blood protein (globulin) produced by the liver and is activated by thrombin.
  • fibrin : the enzyme thrombin catalyzes the reaction that converts fibrinogen into this insoluble protein made up of sticky, thin threads.