Refinery Terminology Crossword Puzzle

QUESTIONS LIST:

• mercaptans : "to 'sweeten' a product usually means removing these smelly sulphur compounds."
• initial boiling point : temperature at which a liquid first begins to boil.
• catalyst : used to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed.
• sulfur : impurity removed to prevent pollution and engine corrosion.
• fractions : generic term for the various liquids collected at different tray levels.
• column : vertical vessel where distillation takes place.
• naphtha : light distillate used as a feedstock for petrochemicals.
• reforming : process of rearranging molecules to increase octane (often using platinum).
• capacity : term for the volume of crude a refinery can process per day.
• hydrotreater : used to remove sulphur from finished products.
• reformer : produces hydrogen for hydrotreating.
• reformate : "high-octane component used in gasoline blending
• api gravity : density of a petroleum liquid relative to water.
• distillation : separation of crude oil into "fractions" based on boiling points."
• residue : bottom of the barrel remaining after atmospheric distillation."
• fuel gas : gaseous by-product often used as refinery fuel (methane, ethane)."
• lpg : liquid petroleum gas (propane/butane).
• coke : by-product of the coking process; a solid carbon material.
• octane : measure of a fuel's ability to resist ""knocking."""
• asphalt : heavy, sticky residue used for road surfacing."
• heat exchanger : equipment used to cool down hot process streams.
• kerosene : common name for the middle distillate used in jet engines.
• hydrocarbons : chemical compounds consisting only of hydrogen and carbon.
• crude : the basic raw material processed in a refinery.
• cracking : process that uses heat and pressure to break large molecules into smaller ones.