Rail Defects Crossword Puzzle

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CORROSION : The eroding, rusting away, decaying or corroding of the metal on the web or base of the rail which results in irregular pits or cavities. It weakens the base of the rail particularly the outer edges.
PIPED RAIL : A vertical split in a rail, usually in the web, due to failure of the shrinkage cavity in the ingot to unite in rolling. Bulging on the web on either or both sides.
ENGINE BURN  : A defect consisting of damage to the rail tread caused by the high friction of a slipping locomotive wheel. The damaged area may gradually chip out and roughen under repeated traffic. (also known as wheel burn).
BOLT HOLE CRACK : A crack across the web, originating from a bolt hole, and progressing on a path either inclined upward toward the railhhead or inclined downward toward the base.
FLOWED RAIL : This defect consists of the rolling out of the tread metal beyond the field corner, with no breaking down of the underside of the head. This is not a serious defect.
MILL DEFECTS : Deformations, cavities, seams, or foreign material found in the head, web or base of a rail. This may be the point of origin for a transverse or longitudinal separation.
BROKEN BASE : A progressive fracture in the base of the rail, with vertical separation or split. A brake in the base of the rail.
HEAD CHECK  : A rail defect consisting of shallow surface or hairline cracks, which appear in the gauge corner of the railhead. They appear at any angle with the width of the rail.
CRUSHED HEAD  : A rail flaw caused by flattening or drooping of several inches of the railhead. It is usually accompanied by a crushing down of the metal but with no signs of cracking.
CORRUGATION : Sometimes called washboard rail, is a series of waves or variations in the top of the railhead which are more or less accentuated and irregular. The short wave or rail length of the corruption usually varies from two to three inches. m
FLAKING  : A rail defect consisting of the gouging of metal on the railroad; it is indicated by small chipping and cavities. It is a progressive horizontal separation on the running surface of the rail near the gauge corner, with scaling or chipping of small slivers.
SHELLING : A defect consisting of shell-like flakes of steel that have come off the railhead. It is a progressive horizontal separation that may crack out at any level on the gauge side, generally at the upper gauge corner.

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QUESTIONS LIST:

corrosion : the eroding, rusting away, decaying or corroding of the metal on the web or base of the rail which results in irregular pits or cavities. it weakens the base of the rail particularly the outer edges.
piped rail : a vertical split in a rail, usually in the web, due to failure of the shrinkage cavity in the ingot to unite in rolling. bulging on the web on either or both sides.
engine burn : a defect consisting of damage to the rail tread caused by the high friction of a slipping locomotive wheel. the damaged area may gradually chip out and roughen under repeated traffic. (also known as wheel burn).
bolt hole crack : a crack across the web, originating from a bolt hole, and progressing on a path either inclined upward toward the railhhead or inclined downward toward the base.
flowed rail : this defect consists of the rolling out of the tread metal beyond the field corner, with no breaking down of the underside of the head. this is not a serious defect.
mill defects : deformations, cavities, seams, or foreign material found in the head, web or base of a rail. this may be the point of origin for a transverse or longitudinal separation.
broken base : a progressive fracture in the base of the rail, with vertical separation or split. a brake in the base of the rail.
head check : a rail defect consisting of shallow surface or hairline cracks, which appear in the gauge corner of the railhead. they appear at any angle with the width of the rail.
crushed head : a rail flaw caused by flattening or drooping of several inches of the railhead. it is usually accompanied by a crushing down of the metal but with no signs of cracking.
corrugation : sometimes called washboard rail, is a series of waves or variations in the top of the railhead which are more or less accentuated and irregular. the short wave or rail length of the corruption usually varies from two to three inches. m
flaking : a rail defect consisting of the gouging of metal on the railroad; it is indicated by small chipping and cavities. it is a progressive horizontal separation on the running surface of the rail near the gauge corner, with scaling or chipping of small slivers.
shelling : a defect consisting of shell-like flakes of steel that have come off the railhead. it is a progressive horizontal separation that may crack out at any level on the gauge side, generally at the upper gauge corner.