Biochemistry of Kidneys Crossword Puzzle

QUESTIONS LIST:

• nephron : functional unit of the kidney responsible for urine formation.
• filtration : the process of removing waste and excess substances from the blood in the glomerulus.
• reabsorption : process of reclaiming water, glucose, and ions from the filtrate into the blood.
• secretion : movement of substances like hydrogen and potassium ions into the nephron from blood.
• glomerulus : a capillary tuft in the nephron where filtration begins.
• acidosis : condition caused by excess hydrogen ions, corrected by kidneys through bicarbonate reabsorption.
• bicarbonate : a buffer system regulated by the kidneys to maintain acid-base balance.
• urea : primary nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine, derived from protein metabolism.
• creatinine : waste product of muscle metabolism, used to assess kidney function.
• proteinuria : presence of proteins in urine, often indicating glomerular damage.
• ketones : compounds found in urine during starvation or uncontrolled diabetes.
• ph : measure of acidity or alkalinity of urine, typically 4.5-8.0.
• erythropoietin : hormone produced by kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production.
• ammonia : compound excreted in urine that helps neutralize hydrogen ions.
• renin : enzyme secreted by kidneys to regulate blood pressure and fluid balance.